Tiny tubing presents big challenges.

The hottest toy this year is the Zhu Zhu Pet. But, once upon a time, all-metal building sets were the must-have item. In fact, Erector and Meccano sets inspired many generations of engineers.

The last time the U.S. economy was this topsy-turvy, American automakers turned their attention to film-making. They produced a variety of short documentaries in the 1930s that boosted consumer confidence and promoted what the Japanese call monozukuri (the art of making things). Perhaps it’s time for Ford and General Motors to go back to the past and develop some up-tempo manufacturing films for the 21st century.

Many grammar schools around the United States are using ball chairs in the classroom. The devices force students to frequently change positions to maintain balance. That leads to increased alertness and concentration. Ball chairs can be modified with wheels, arm rests and back supports for assembly line applications. However, the devices have pros and cons.

Adjustability is a key factor when choosing assembly line seating, especially in today’s flexible, lean work environment. Engineers should look for chairs that feature adjustable heights and back tilts. How the chair and the operator fit together is crucial.

The main difference between seated and standing workstations are in reaches and clearances. Seated work requires more leg clearances, and cannot accommodate long reaches. Work surface heights can vary for standing work.

Foam is an important element to look for when selecting assembly line seating. However, the type of foam used in the construction of a chair is something that’s often overlooked. Foam is produced with varying characteristics and quality.

Northrop Grumman Corp. is investing more than $100 million in an integrated assembly line for the F-35 Lightning II jet fighter program. The automated line will enable the company to produce one center fuselage per day.

The Assembly Technology Expo celebrated its 30th anniversary in late September. Reactions on the show floor were mixed this year. Many exhibitors and attendees said business is “slow but steady.” They’re cautiously optimistic that the worst recession since the Great Depression is over.

Seating helps determine how operators interface with workstations. The right type of chair or stool can help address ergonomic concerns caused by repetitive stress. Inadequate seating can place unnecessary strain on assemblers’ muscles.